In the event of a power failure, the behavior and options for door hardware.
In the event of a power failure, the behavior and options for door hardware (especially electronic or access-controlled doors) depend on the type of system installed. Here are your main options and considerations:
1. Fail-Safe vs. Fail-Secure Hardware
These terms define how the door reacts when power is lost:
- Fail-Safe: Door unlocks when power is lost.
- Common for exit routes and life safety areas.
- Used where safe egress is a higher priority than security.
- Fail-Secure: Door remains locked when power is lost.
- Used in high-security areas.
- Keeps doors secure even without power.
🛠 What to do:
- Know your system type ahead of time.
- Plan for emergency access (see options below).
2. Mechanical Override Options
Some electronic locks offer mechanical key overrides:
- Allows manual unlocking with a traditional key during a power failure.
- Essential in fail-secure setups.
🛠 What to do:
- Ensure keyholders are trained and keys are accessible.
- Keep a master key or override device in a secure location.
3. Battery Backup / UPS
You can use:
- Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) for short-term operation.
- Battery packs built into locks (common in standalone smart locks).
🛠 What to do:
- Install backup power if critical access is needed during outages.
- Regularly test and replace batteries.
4. Emergency Egress Hardware
Doors on exit routes must allow egress regardless of power:
- Panic bars and push-to-exit mechanisms (mechanical).
- Must comply with fire and life safety codes (like NFPA or IBC).
🛠 What to do:
- Ensure emergency exits function mechanically.
- Regular inspections and code compliance checks.
5. Integrate with Fire Alarm / Life Safety Systems
Some systems are wired to unlock during fire alarms or outages:
- Electric strikes or maglocks may disengage when the alarm system is triggered or loses power.
🛠 What to do:
- Coordinate with building/fire safety systems.
- Ensure door behavior complies with local safety codes.